Amateka y’umwijima muri Egiputa (Misiri) ya kera

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Igihugu cya Misiri cyangwa Egiputa ni kimwe mu bihugu by’ikimenyabose kuri buri musomyi wa Bibiliya. Ukutava ku izima k’umuyobozi wacyo, gushaka kwica abana b’abahungu b’Abaheburayo no gukandamiza bidasanzwe ubwoko bwa Isiraheli ni byo byaranze abanya Egiputa mu myaka magana ane bamaranye n’abuzukuru b’Aburuhamu. Izi nkuru n’izindi wasomye muri Bibiliya yawe ntabwo arizo nshaka kukubwira ahubwo ndifuza kukwereka ibindi bintu bidasanzwe benshi batamenye kuri iki gihugu cy’igihangange nifashishije umunyamateka w’umunya Egiputa witwa Joyce Tyldesley n’izindi nyandiko zitandukanye. Ntabwo ndibusoze iyi nkuru udasobanukiwe aho ibi bihuriye n’ubu Kristo bwawe.

Kimwe mu bintu abantu batamenye kuri Misiri ya cyera, ni uko imirambo y’Abanyamisiri yagombaga kūmishwa igashyingurwa mu butaka bushyushye bwo mu butayu. Umubare munini w’abanyamisiri bashyinguwe muri ubu buryo ariko si buri wese washyingurwaga gutya kuko bwari uburyo buhenze cyane bigatuma buharirwa abakomoka mu miryango ikize. Ushobora kwibaza uti “ese kuki bakoraga ibi byose?” ntakindi cyabiteraga ngo batekerezaga ko bishoboka kongera kubaho nyuma y’ubuzima kandi umuntu akabaho agifite ishusho yari afite akiri mu mubiri, bigatuma rero bihatira kurinda imibiri y’ababaga bapfuye.

Mu gitabo cye yise” The developing history of an Egyptian king profile 2012” umunyamateka Joyce Tyldesley avuga ko igihugu cya Egiputa bizeraga kandi bagakora imihango idasanzwe yo gusangira n’abapfuye. Impano z’ibyo kurya n’ibyo kunywa byahabwaga abapfuye bakizera ko babanye amahoro. Muri iyi nyandiko, umunyamateka akomeza avuga ko mu munsi mukuru ngaruka mwaka  waberaga mu bibaya byo muri Egiputa, amaturo atandukanye yaturwaga abapfuye kandi kugirango abantu bizere ko bafitanye amahoro n’ababo batakiri mu isi y’abazima, buri muryango wagombaga gukora icyo gikorwa maze bigatozwa n’abana bakiri bato kugirango ubwo ababyeyi babo bazaba batakiriho bazabashe kumenya uko babana nabo.

Ikindi kintu cyamenyekanye cyane mu gihugu cya Misiri utabona ahandi henshi ku isi, ni uko abagabo bacye bo muri iki gihugu bashoboraga kubana n’abashiki babo. Kuri iyi ngingo, umunyamateka agira ati ”bamwe mu bagabo babanya Egiputa bashyingiranwaga na bashiki babo ku buryo bwemewe. Abami bamwe ba Misiri ya kera bashakanye na bashiki babo cyangwa abandi bakobwa bo mu miryango ya hafi yabo. Iyi mibano itangaje ngo yari murwego rwo gufasha umugabo gushaka umugore azi neza bikaba byararindaga amakimbirane mu miryango.” Akomeza avuga ko n’ubwo wari umuco uhuriwe ho na benshi, utigeze uba itegeko kuri buri muturage, byarashobokaga ko umugabo ashaka umugore mu wundi muryango bakubaka kandi neza.

Muri Misiri kandi bari bafite umuco wo kudasigaza ikintu mu kirahure cyangwa igikombe banywereyemo. Abashyitsi bose basuraga igihugu cya Egiputa bimwe mu bintu babwirwaga mbere ni ukumara buri kimwe bahawe cyo kunywa cyane cyane iyo uwo muryango wabaga ufite abakobwa batarashinga ingo zabo. Abanyamateka benshi bemeza ko bigoye gusobanura impamvu z’uwo muco ariko hari bamwe bavuga ko imana z’Abanyegiputa zangaga urunuka ibisigazwa kuburyo zashoboraga kurakara bigatuma abakobwa bose bo muri urwo rugo babura urushako. Iyo umukobwa yaburaga umugabo ikintu cya mbere bagombaga kumenya ni ibijyanye n’imyitwarire ye kubyo gusigaza ibyo kunywa ubundi hakabaho gusaba ibigirwamana imbabazi umukobwa agakunda akabona umugabo. Bisa n’ibitangaje!

K’urundi ruhande, abashaka ubukire ku buryo bwihuse bashyinguraga imbeba nto zo mu bwoko bw’izitwa weasles mu miryango y’inzu zabo. Abanya Egiputa benshi bemeraga ko iyo umuntu ashyinguye iyi mbeba mu muryango we bifungurira inzira imana zitanga ubukire bigatuma umuryango ubona ubukire ku buryo bwihuse. Imiryango myinshi muri ubu buryo yizeraga ko ariho ikesha ubukungu bwose babaga bafite.

Misiri cyari igihugu gitinya cyane igihunyira gifite ibara ry’umukara. Mu myizerere yabo, abaturage b’igihugu cya Egiputa batinyaga cyane iyi nyamaswa ibarizwa mu ziguruka kandi byabaga ari bibi cyane iyo cyahagararaga ku nzu, ku kiraro cyangwa ku kindi kintu cya hafi gikoreshwa n’umuntu. Impamvu zo ku gitinya zivugwa ni nyinshi ariko imwe izwi cyane ni uko byanze bikunze inzu yahagazweho n’igihunyira yagombaga gupfamo umuntu.

Iki gihugu cyari gifite byinshi bitangaje tutavuze hano ku buryo mvuze ko ibi nkubwiye ari nk’agatonyanga mu nyanja ntaba mbeshye. Myinshi mu mico yacyo yagaragazaga kutizera Imana yo mu ijuru ndetse ni kimwe mu bihugu bitari byaramenye umuremyi w’ibiriho byose kandi byagize ibigirwamana bikomeye ku isi. Ese ubwo wakwibaza nk’umukristo uramutse wisanze utuye aho uko byagenda? Reka turebe gato k’ubuzima bwa Yosefu mwene Yakobo muri iki gihugu. Wibuke ko Yosefu yari umwana wakundwaga na se kandi wari warabwiwe ko Imana yo mu ijuru ariyo muremyi wabyose kandi ko adakwiye kugira izindi mana mu maso yayo (Kuva 20:3)

Ageze muri Egiputa, Yosefu agurishwa kwa Potifari, umutware w’ingabo zarindaga umwami. Ahamara imyaka cumi ari hagati mu bigeragezo byo gusenga ibigirwamana, azengurutswe n’ibyubahiro bya cyami, ubutunzi n’imico by’ishyanga ryarushaga ayandi mahanga yose amajyambere. Ibyo yarebaga cyangwa ibyo yumvaga, byari bimuzengurutse, byari icyaha ariko yari nk’utabona cyangwa utumva. Ibitekerezo bye ntibyari byemerewe gutinda ku bizira. Icyifuzo cyo gutona ku banyegiputa nticyajyaga gutuma ahisha ibyo agenderaho. Ntiyigeze agerageza guhisha yuko aramya Imana ariyo Yehova.

Mu rusobe rw’imihango ya gipagani niho umwana wari waratojwe kubaha Imana yisanze nyamara afata icyemezo ntakuka cyo kutadohoka k’urukundo yakundaga umuremyi we. Abakristo b’iki gihe kigoye natwe twicaye ahantu nk’aho aho ibyo twumva ndetse n’ibyo tureba ibyinshi ari ibyo kudushyira kure y’Imana. Nka Yosefu rero dukeneye guhagarara duhamya Imana twamenye n’ubwo abo tubana baba batabikozwa, bizashobokera gusa ufite Mwuka wera ku rugero rushyitse kandi Yesu yasize avuze ko uzamusaba azamuhabwa.

Imana iguhe umugisha

Ibyo twifashishije dutegura iyi nkuru:

• Joyce Tyldesley (Feb 01, 2012). The developing History of an Egyptian king Profile 2012, cairo pp 120
• Bible society of Rwanda (2001). Bibiliya yera mu Kinyarwanda (Igitabo cyo kuva igice cya 20)
• Bible society of Rwanda (2001). Bibiliya yera mu Kinyarwanda ( Igitabo cy’Itangiriro igice cya 39)
• Gehad Medhat (5 June 2017). 13 Traditions Only Egyptians Can Understand (https://theculturetrip.com/africa/egypt/articles/traditions-only-egyptians-can-understand/)