Notes
| 1Samsoni Inyarubuga, yari mubyara w’ Umwami Musinga. Ntabwo tuzi neza niba yari umwiru ariko birashoboka cyane. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo yari azi iby’ ibwami cyane kandi avuga Ikinyarwanda kiyunguruye. Niwe rero mubyukuri wagize uruhare runini mu gufasha Abamisiyoneri mu ihindura mu Kinyarwanda rya Bibliya, n’ indirimbo zo mu Gitabo, ndetse n’ igitabo cy’ Umugenzi. 2 —————–. Wikipedia. Accessed March 9, 2020.www.gov.rw 3 —————–. Wikipedia. Accessed March 9, 2020.www.wikipedia.org 4 —————–. Wikipedia. Accessed March 9, 2020.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imirenge_y’u_Rwanda 5—————–. Wikipedia. Accessed March 9, 2020.www.gov.rw, 6—————–Wikipedia, Accessed March 9, 2020. www.wikipedia.org 7 —————–Wikipedia Accessed November 5, 2019. http://www.wikirwanda.org/index.php?title=Rwanda#U_Rwanda_mbere_y.E2.80.99ubukoloni, 8—————–Wikipedia, Accessed November 5,2019. http://www.wikirwanda.org/index.php?title=Ubumwe_bw%27abanyarwanda_mbere_y%E2%80%99umwaduko_w%27abazungu, 9 —————–Wikipedia, Accessed March 9, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Rwanda 10 —————–. Wikipedia. Accessed March 9, 2020. “Ingoma I Rwanda “(P.Simpenzwe Gaspard, 1992 )http://www.wikirwanda.org/index.php?title=Imitwe_y%E2%80%99Abiru 11—————–. Wikipedia. Accessed March 9, 2020. https://www.igihe.com/umuco/amateka/article/ni-iki-cyateye-amoko-19-y-abanyarwanda-kuzima 12. DELMAS, Léon, Généalogies de la noblesse (les Batutsi) du Rwanda, Vicariat Apostolique du Rwanda, Kabgayi, 1950, p.28. 13. KAGAME, Alexis, Les organisations socio-familiales de l’ancien Rwanda, A.R.S.C., Bruxelles, 1954, p.33, note 31: “La dénomination de BANYIGINYA, propre au Rwanda et aux BAHIMA du ‘NKOLE signifie: richesse actuelle, jointe à une noblesse très ancienne, dans le clan dynastique. Les autres membres du clan, sans grande fortune, sont appelés ABASINDI, du nom de MUSINDI, fondateur éponyme du groupe”. 14. KAGAME, Alexis, INGANJI KALINGA, Vicariat Apostolique du Rwanda, Kabgayi, 1959 (2ème édition), vol. I, IGICE CYA III, n° 35. 15. Marcel D’HERTEFELT, Les clans du Rwanda ancien. Eléments d’ethnosociologie et d’ethnohistoire, M.R.A.C., Tervuren, 1971, p.19. 16. Marcel D’HERTEFELT, Les clans du Rwanda ancien. Eléments d’ethnosociologie et d’ethnohistoire, M.R.A.C., Tervuren, 1971, p20. 17. —————–. Wikipedia. Accessed October 30, 2019. http://www.wikirwanda.org/index.php?title=Amoko_y%E2%80%99Abanyarwanda 18. —————–. Youtube Accessed March 10, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VqUifshZLig, accessed on March 4, 2020 19. —————–. Youtube Accessed March 10, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3PIYPG8w-cM , accessed on March 4, 2020. 20. —————–. Website of Movement for Christ USA. Accessed March 9, 2020.https://movementforchrist.com/ukwemera-kwacu/ 21. Abanyarwanda bizeraga ko Imana ifite ubuturo bwayo mu birunga, bemeraga ko iyo mana ari umuremyi w’ ibintu byose. 22. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p. 9. (Imandwa yari imyuka igenzura iyindi). 23. Kanyabigega Silas, True Faith, Westbow press, a Division of Thomas Nelson & Zondervan, 2016, p. 208. (Abazimu yari imyuka y’ abantu bapfuye). 24. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p. 9,10. ( Ryangombe wari umwuka ukaze, ukuriye iyindi myuka kandi unayigenzura). 25. Ibid., 10. (Nyabingi wari umwuka wasengwaga mu Majyaruguru h’ Igihugu, cyane cyane abatuye hafi y’ ibirunga). 26. Ibid., 10.Imyuka yose itemerwa na Bibliya Yera ni abadayimoni. Abadayimoni ntibakorera Imana yo mu ijuru, ntanubwo bemera Yesu. Bakorera shebuja, ariwe satani. 27. Ibid., 10.(Binego wari umwuka ukase mu bugome kandi ugenzura indi myuka, wari umuhungu wa Ryangombe). * kubandwa wari umuhango Abanyarwanda bagiraga wo gusezerana n’ imyuka hakoreshejwe indahiro. 28.——–Google. Accessed March 10, 2020 29. Cf. David B. Barrel, World Christian Encyclopedia, Oxford University Press, 1982, pp. 589-590. 30.—————–. Wikipedia. Accessed March 9, 2020.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Rwanda 31.Cf. St. John Patricia, Souffle de vie, Editions des goupes Missionnaires, Velley (Suisse), 1973, p. 13. 32.Rev. Pastori Michel Zigirinshuti, interviewed on January 17, 2020 33. .Pastor Bakamilintare Elizephan, umwe mu bapastoro ba kera b’ Itorero Methodiste Libre mu Rwanda, yabajijwe (interviewed) on April 15, 1997 34 —————–Wikipedia, Accessed March 9, 2020.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_Rwanda, accessed on February 28, 2020. 35. Dagen, April 30,1983 36..Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.30, 31 37. .Rev. Nigeni Simon, umwe mu bapastoro ba kera b’ Itorero Methodiste Libre mu Rwanda, yabajijwe (interviewed) on May 11, 1997. 38. .Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.36 37,38,39, 42,43, 44, 45, 46 39.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.27, 28,29,30 40.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.p.112-113, 240-241 41.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.21, 22,23, 24, 25, 26, 27 42. Icyo bita Edict of Fontainebleau (22 October 1685) ryari itegeko ryashyizweho na Louis XIV wa France, iryo tegeko nanone rizwi muri iyi mvugo: Revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Itegeko rero ryitwa Edict of Nantes (1598) ryo ryari ryahaye abitwa Huguenots ubwisanzure bwo gusenga Imana bikorewe mu Idini yabo ari nta mbaraga za Leta zigombye kubibabuza. 43.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.21, 22,23, 24, 25, 26, 27 44. —————–Wikipedia Accessed November 5, 2019. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edict_of_Fontainebleau accessed on December 24, 2019 45.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.19, 20, 21. 46.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.77, 88, 89, 90, 91. 47.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.334,335 42.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.77,78. 48.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.97, 98, 99,1oo 49.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.151, 152 50.—————–Website Accessed November 5, 2019. https://friendsofbyumba.wordpress.com/meg-guillebaud/ Accessed November 27, 2019 51.—————–Wikipedia Accessed November 5, 2019. https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=no:050434318 52.Eraste Ndayisenga, Umuvugizi wa MPCR mu Rwanda, interviewed on February 26, 2020. 53. Meg Guillebaud kandi yanditse igitabo cyitwa “Rwanda: the land God forgot?: revival, genocide and hope”., page 335,336 54.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p. 45, 46, 47, 48, 259 55.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.80,106,131,132,133 56. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p. 75,76, 77 57. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.109, 110 58. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p. 336,337 59.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p. 337. 60. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.337, 338 61.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p. 338 62. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.338, 339. 63. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p. 339 64.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p. 339 65.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.34 66. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.340 67. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.340 68.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.359 69. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.360 70. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.347 71. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.353 72. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.356 73. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.354 74. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.354 75.. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.351 76. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.228 77. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.355 78. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.347 79. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.24-36. 80. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.44 81. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.46-48. 82. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.69 83. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.78. 84. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.82. 85. From Hymn 27 in the Kinyarwanda Protestant Hymn Book (Kigali: editions Celtar, year not given). This was in turn translated from Hymn 170 of the Keswick Hymn Book (not details). I have given a literal translation. 86. M. Guillebaud, Rwanda, The Land that God Forgot? Revival, Genocide and Hope (London: Monarch Books, 2002), p. 44. 87. Guillebaud, Rwanda, p. 24. Rutarindwa yimye ingoma umwaka umwe (1895-96) maze apfa mu kizwi cyane kandi kiswe ‘coup d’etat de Rucuncu’ yakurikiwe no kugambanirwa k’uwo Umugabekazi yari abereye muka se, hagamijwe ko himikwa umuhungu we bwite witwaga Musinga. 88. Bekkenkamp Jonneke, Sherwood Yvonne, Sanctified Aggression, Legacies of Biblical and Post Biblical Vocabularies of Violence, published by T&T Clark International, The Tower Buliding, 11 York Road, London SE1 7NX, 15 East 26th Street, Suite 1703, New York, NY 10010, 2003, p.74 89. Twagirayesu, M., e. a., po. Cit., p.61 90. Nouvelles, Traduction du Nouveau Testament dans Bulletin missionnaire no. 4, Aout 1930, p.63. 91. Rwanyindo Léonard, Le Protestantisme belge dans la region des grands lacs, Rwanda: 1921-1959, Editions Publibook, 14, rue des Volontaires, 75015 Paris-France, Tel: +33 (0) 1 53 69 65 55, website: http://www.publibook.com,p. 291. 92. ariko mu bushakashatsi bwimbitse kandi bwizewe, umuntu yamusimbuza Samsoni Inyarubuga kuko ariwe twabashije kubonera umwirondoro. 93. Rev. Simeon Mushimiyimana, interviewed on January 15, 2020 94. Rev. Michel Zigirinshuti, interviewed on December 27, 2019 95. —————–. Wikipedia. Accessed March 9, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexis_Kagame 96Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.51 97. —————–. Youtube Accessed March 9, 2020.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfS2VMowUGs , accessed on March 5, 2020 98. —————–. Youtube Accessed March 9, 2020.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FoUY9WXd8Q , accessed on March5, 2020 99. —————–. Youtube Accessed March 9, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vGSUAqVGAIM 100. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqRdvpe4hLA , accessed on March 5, 2020 101. —————–. Wikipedia. Accessed March 9, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0PBLxRuUFYQ , accessed on March 5, 2020 102. —————–. Youtube. Accessed March 9, 2020https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYXzoaQlAlI 104. —————–. Youtube. Accessed March 9, 2020https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WC-h8eMDk38 105. impamvu mvuze ngo harimwo n’ Abapentekoti nuko bo bafite umwihariko w’ indirimbo bita Iz’ Agakiza. Gusa bemeye ko zijya hamwe n’ Izo Gushimisha Imana (bita iz’ imporoso). Ibyo kandi nkaba narabibashimiye cyane kuko bagaragaje imikoranire myiza iri hagati y’ Abaporoso hamwe na bo. 106. Igitabo cy’ Indirimbo z’ Abadventiste b’ umunsi wa karindwi, urebye ukuntu abamisiyoneri b’ iryo torero ry’ Abadventiste b’ Umunsi wa Karindwi bagoye bikomeye abamisiyoneri b’ Abaporotestanti mu ihindura mu Kinyarwanda, haba ari Bibliya ndetse no mu bindi, simpamya ko cyaba gifite indirimbo nyinshi z’ Abaporotestanti, ahubwo ikigaragara nuko mu Gitabo cy’ Izo Gushimisha Imana harimo indirimbo zitari nkeya z’ Abadventiste, kuko Abamisiyoneri b’ Abaporotestanti bo bishimiraga gukoresha na zimwe mu ndirimbo z’ Abadventiste, gusa nanone ikiza kirimwo nuko Abamisiyoneri b’ Abadventiste bemeraga kuzibaha. 107. Abavandimwe banjye uhereye ku mukuru kugera ku muto: Tamari Mukangwije, Nahasoni Ngoboka, Assieli Kamabano, Anastazi Gakwerere, Simiyoni Segatake, Silas Kanyabigega (jyewe), Savela Mukamazimpaka, Azela Mukakinani. 108. Iy Link ikurikira ishobora kuguha ijwi ry’ iyi ndirimbo: https://bibiliya.com/songs/guhimbaza/133-nyemerera-ngendane-nawe/ 109. Bivugwa ko Abiru b’ Umwami bafashije Harold na Peter Guillebaud ndetse n’ abandi ba Misiyoneri, ariko mu bushakashatsi bwimbitse nakoze nasanze ihindura ryarakozwe cyane cyane na Peter Guillebaud akomereje aho se Harold Guillebaud yagereje, ndetse n’ abandi ba Misiyoneri. Ahubwo umunyarwanda wagize uruhare rukomeye mu gufasha aba ba Misiyoneri ni Samsoni Inyarubuga wari warahungiye muri Uganda, avuye I Bwami (mu Rwanda). Abandi bavuga ko Musenyeri Alexis Kagame ko nawe ko yafashije muri iki gikorwa, ariko uburyo yabikozemwo birashoboka ko byaba biganisha cyane kuri Bibliya Ntagatifu kuko ntashoboye kubona ubufatanye bwa hafi yaba yaragiranye na Harold Guillebaud ndetse na Peter Guillebaud. 110. Nyiramasine Germaine niwe waduhaye amafoto ya Bibliya ya 1957 mubona hano munsi 111. —————–Google. Accessed November 5, 2019.https://www.worldcat.org/title/bibliya-yera-1993/oclc/28160056 112. —————–Bibliya 1993. Accessed November 5, 2019.Umuryango wa Bibliya mu Rwanda, page iii, iv, v.. 113. Ntekereza ko Aaron uvugwa hano ari Musenyeri Aaron Ruhumuriza, wayoboye Itorero Methodite Libre 114. Icyo gihe Itorero rya Methodiste ryari mu Rwanda ni Free Methodist Church. United Methodist Church ryageze mu Rwanda nyuma cyane y’ icyo gihe 115. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.173, 174 116. Rev. Michel Ziginshuti, interviewed on January 28, 2020. 117. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p 201, 202 118. Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p131. 119—————–. Youtube. Accessed March 9, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XunZDWETmgE 120.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.361 121.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002, p.363 122.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002. 123.Guillebaud, Meg. Rwanda: The Land God Forgot? Revival, genocide and hope. Monarch Books, Concorde House, Grenville Place, Mill Hill, London NW7 3SA., 2002. |
